Essay --

David KimPhysics Lab 102/11/14Section A1IntroductionIn Experiment 1, the objective was to numerate 150 pennies and find the best estimate value and the uncertain(p)ties for the fish of the pennies. pawn doubtfulness is the least value that can be read from the measuring stick device. It is always less than or equal to the least believe. The least count is the smallest division that can be marked or shown from a certain cats-paw. The instrument uncertainty is equal to the least count in this experiment. ergodic errors are simply mistakes that are made due to the instrument beingness used or the measured object being poorly defined.The occur uncertainty of a measurement is calculated by using the instrument uncertainty and the uncertainty due to vacillation. misgiving due to fluctuation is mutualist on the average and the substance amount of times there was a measurement. This average is comprise whenx= 1/N (x_1+x_2+ + x_n ) N is the total number of measurements, x1 is the first measurement, x2 is the second measurement, and xn is the last measurement. The uncertainty due to fluctuation is found byx_fl= _x/N_x is the standard deviation of the mean and N is the total number of measurements. Standard deviation can be found by_x= ((d_12+ d_22+ + d_N2)/(N-1))Where d_n(the derivative) is found byd_n=x_n- x This in words is the measurement of the nth term subtracted by the mean.Total uncertainty is found byx= (x_ins2+ x_fl2 ) Where x_ins is the instrument uncertainty and x_fl is the uncertainty due to fluctuation. Initial DataPart A1 Instrument Uncertainty QuizStudent has passed the testThe following answers were entered for the digital device 2UnitsgLeast count0.1000I... ...ould have to take around ccc measurements so that the results would be accurate and precise to the expected value of 100.In grammatical constituent B of the experiment, the standard mound of the penny amongst 1941 and 1982 was 3.100 g and between 1983 and 2011, the standard m ass was 2.500 g. The standard mass of the penny changed between 1982 and 1983. The mass was decreased by .600 g. Pennies lose or gain weight in circulation because most of the pennies were not 2.5 or 3.1 grams on the dot. The possible eat or erosion from the time it was in circulation helps to describe the range that the mass of the pennies had. In general, most of the measurements were accurate compared to the expected value. The measurements on the most part were accurate. However for the outliers, the rust and the erosion to the penny can describe the mass being significantly higher or lower.