What Is Geography

What is geographics Week 2 Geographic Thought and History I hand over always ruling that geography was the case of land, how it was formed and where it will be in age to come. I have realized that there is more to geography than this. A lit sequencel translation of geography would be to describe or save about the Earth (What is Geography 2012). The first person to social function the sound out geography wasEratosthenes, who was an ancient Greek. Geography has been called the world discipline and the bridge amidst the human and the animal(prenominal) science(Sullivan 2000).There is human geography, physical geography, Marxist geography and also womens rightist geography. Human geography is a branch of the amicable sciences that studies the world, its raft, communities, and cultures and has an emphasis on relations of space and place. Human geography differs from physical geography mainly in that it has a greater focus on studying human activities and is more open to quali tative research methodologies (What is Geography 2012).Physical geography is that branch of vivid science which deals with the study of processes and patterns in the natural surround like heatmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, andgeosphere, as opposed to the cultural or built environment, the domain ofhuman geography (What is Geography 2012). This is the geography that most people think of. There is also is a type ofcritical geographythat uses the theories and philosophy ofMarxismto examine thespatial relations ofhuman geography.In Marxist geography, the relations that geography has traditionally analyze such as natural environment and spatial relations are reviewed as outcomes of the mode of material output signal (What is Geography 2012). As I mentioned previously there is also feminist geography which is an approach inhuman geographywhich applies the theories, methods and critiques offeminismto the study of the human environment, society and geographical space (What is Geograp hy 2012).What I baring most raise is the discipline of cartography, which is the mapping of the world. I find it interesting on how they could design a map in the ancient era and actually use it for exploration. Maps started out as two dimensional charts to what we use now, Google earth. In the late 20th century, advances in electronic technology have led to further revolution in cartography.Specificallycomputerdevices such as computer screens, plotters, printers, scanners (remote and document) and analytic stereo plotters along with visualization, image processing, spatial analysis and database software, have democratized and greatly expanded the making of maps, particularly with their ability to larn maps that show slightly different features, without engraving a new printing process plate (Sullivan 2000).Websites such as Google Earth use Google Earth which is only when based on 3D maps, with the capability to show 3D buildings and structures (such as bridges), which consis t of users submissions usingSketchUp, a3D modelingprogram software. The technology that is employ is pretty amazing even to the point that these types of features are used in the military to pinpoint certain targets. Works CitedDepartment of Geography and environmental Resources, What is Geography. Last modified 2012. Accessed October 3, 2012. National Geographic, What is Geography. Last modified 2012. Accessed October 4, 2012. http//education. nationalgeographic. com/education/media/what- Sullivan, Dan (2000). cartography and its History. Rutgers University. Retrieved 10/3/2012 from http//www. math. rutgers. edu/cherlin/History/Papers2000/sullivan. html.

Of Mice and Men Compare and Contrast

The watchword, Of Mice and Men by keister Steinbeck, is slightly two men formd George and Lennie who are living in the magazine of the Great Depression. They travel together and after they get themselves into trouble in the city of Weed, they moved to work on a ranch. There is as well a motion-picture show, Of Mice and Men, that is based off of the book. There are many themes in the story, one of them being causality. The photograph differs slightly from the book in the item that it has fewer examples presentation the grandeur of occasion, unlike the book where there are many instances of position.First off, super indicant is sh profess, or in approximately instances not shown, in the characters. In both the book and the image, George has a certain power everyplace Lennie. He acts as his father reprimanding him, protecting him, and telling him what to do for his own good like a normal father would have. A blink of an eye character that supports the theme of power i n the book and movie is Lennie. Although he doesnt have a lot of dianoetic power, he is a very physically powerful someone in the movie and book. Hes tall, strong built, and just all around a big guy that can do a tremendous tote up of physical labor.Another similarity between the book and movie relating to power is Curly, the bosss son. Hes a very minute man that likes to order people around and has the reputation of beating up bigger guys. Even though there are multiple examples of characters present power in both the book and movie, there is an example of when the movie makes the theme less relevant to the story. In the book, Lennie has the power to remember to go to the brush, where George told him to go if he got into any trouble. But, in the movie, it was so that Lennie was lost and couldnt find the brush.It made Lennie seem more vulnerable and with less logical power than in the book where he proved himself, aside from his challenges. The second subject that the theme is shown in is events. The events are both alike and distinguishable within the book and movie. In both the book and movie, George talks for Lennie in front of the boss when they first arrive at the ranch. Hes worried that Lennie will say some function to reveal that he isnt the smartest person and that it might prevent them from working there. A similarity is also the particular that when George and Lennie were ran out ofWeed, they were being chased for no reason other than the expression of the girl that Lennie accidentally scared. He had no intension of hurting her and neer did, yet she still had the power to manipulate everyone to think that she was assaulted by Him. The run short similarity of events that illustrate power is when Lennie accidentally kills the mice, the puppy, and Curlys married woman. He had so more than physical power and didnt know his own strength that he would kill living things before even realizing what was happening. This got him into a lot of troubl e eventually.A significant difference in events that proves the importance power is that in the book, Curlys married woman who was originally looked at as a feeble, vulnerable woman with no power all over anyone, all of a emergent demonstrated a great fill of authority over one of the black workers, Crooks. This was a very sudden turnaround in authority and changed the readers view about her. This happening never occurred in the movie and tremendously changed the outlook of power from the book. The last topic that displays the value of power is the particular propositions of the story.The first thing is that in both the movie and book Curlys wife does not have a name. This may have been to imply that her name had little importance or power over the story. Her impact of acquiring Lennie killed from him accidentally killing her had nothing to do with her name. Another detail is that the static keeper was African-American. This shows a lack of power in the movie and book because he was forced to live by himself and had no impact on the decisions or thoughts of the other men simply because of his race.A third detail is that George was much smaller than Lennie in both portrayals of the story, yet he had power over Lennie as if he was his father. This shows that even though one may be very powerful in a certain substance like Lennie, they can still be controlled by someone that peradventure had more confidence. All in all, the movie weighs the importance of power to some extent less than the book does. Both the book and movies characters are generally the same, except the book shows Lennie with more logical power than the movie does for when Lennie runs back to the brush to meet George.The events are very much alike also. But, the movie is lacking the event of Curlys wife showing power over Crooks in his own cabin, which dramatically impacts the standard atmosphere of the story. The book and movie also have similar details showing power like Curlys wife not having a name, Crooks not having a lot of power because of his race, and little George having power over Lennie. All these subjects help communicate how the movie and book relate to individually other for showing power.

Every Child Must Be Trained for the Future (Article with Examples)

Every child essential be educated and suitped with the skills that go forth let him thrive in the economy of the future, said Education Minister Heng Swee Keat. While capital of Singapore has built an reading dust admired for its high student achievement rate and top-notch teaching force, it must now align its system to cope with the dissolute pace of globalisation, technological change and innovation. The world economy willing pay off up to now more multiplex and jobs do not reserve all the way defined boundaries, Mr Heng told an audience of 200 participants at the Singapore Conference hither on Wednesday.Elaborating, he said that the line between manufacturing and services has blurred. And both(prenominal) are also overlaid with the digital economy, he added, noting for example that IT giant orchard apple tree sells an experience, not just a product. On how technology is changing swiftly, he celebrated how the Human Genome Project, started in 1990, took 13 years and nearly US$4 billion to complete. But pop off month, a private go with in California announced a machine that will routine an entire genome for US$1,000 (S$1,250) in one day. A more complex economy means a greater variety of different jobs will exist, requiring a wide range of skills.Said Mr Heng Hence, to prepare our students for the future, it is critical for us to have some notions of the variety and demands of the jobs of the future. The education system can indeed tailor the right skill sets for each individual. Not all the jobs will require academic degrees. Indeed, in many areas, practical, hands-on skills are valued. He added that aligning education to industry needs as Singapore does with its universities, be of Technical Education and polytechnics will continue to be critical. But in whatever area, obscure skills, high standards and strong motivation will be needed. A strong focus on science, technology, engineering and maths in education should be preserved, he sai d. Mr Heng also touched on the variegation of the school system over the last few years, explaining the need to make out multiple pathways for students to excel. But this does not mean everyone gets to do the course of his choice, as the programmes are competitive to ensure standards, he added.It is also critical to equip students with the basic knowledge and motivation to be lifelong and adaptable learners and have other 21st century skills such as information and conference know-how, critical and inventive thinking, and civil literacy and cross-cultural skills. Ultimately though, he said, the ruff policies alone are not enough. Ministry officials and school leaders must be clear about the principles and t present must be fidelity of implementation. all(a) parts of the education system must support the policy implementation, including the teachers, parents and even the physical facilities of a school.Educators will remain key to the structure. No system of education can be bette r than its teachers, he said. During his visit here over the past week, American officials have heaped praises on the Singapore education system and during the panel discussion following his speech, similar responses flowed. Panellist Linda Darling-Hammond, a Stanford University professor in education, said the US could learn from Singapores teacher recruitment and development process. Praising the Singapore Governments policy of paying teachers top dollar, she noted that by comparison, the US paid its teachers much, much less than other college graduates.The deep cuts in education spending in the US, she warned, would leave the country stub while other countries like Singapore forged ahead with their investments in education. Co-panellist Joanne Weiss, chief of staff to US Education Secretary Arne Duncan and who visited Singapore schools last year, said she was impressed by the culture of continuous improvement in education. Singapore policymakers go out, identify the best practi ces and bring it back and adapt them to the scope of the country. They then replicate them across the schools in the country.

Hedda Gabler Essay

In the beginning when the contributor meets Hedda Gabler, one can see how she is quite a high main(prenominal)tenance character by how she complains that the maid has opened the door. Im drowning in all this sunlight. (Ibsen 1469). Exerting her power everywhere her husband, George Tesman, she demands him to close the curtains, which he does complacently. Later Hedda nonices an elderly hat lying on the c vibrissa and worries that soulfulness may have seen it. When she learns that the hat belongs to Miss Tesman, Georges dear aunt, she does non apologize for her comment which fork overs her tendency to belittle others, even if they are family.Hedda utters to her husband, yet where did she get her way of lifes, flinging her hat around any way she uniforms here in the drawing room. People just beginnert act that way. (1418). The origin depicts Hedda as a neurotic woman who criticizes the actions of others in an attempt to raise her self- imposed superiority over others. He r pretentious comment introduces the theme of a high and mighty character, which readers will begin to hate, who eventually succumbs to the pressure of seem perfect in connection. In the scene where George and Hedda receive news that Mrs.Elvsted, an old flame of Tesman, will be visiting, Hedda remembers her as the one with that irritating hair shed always be fussing with (1418). By this remark, the reader can call that Hedda, very jealous of Mrs. Elvsted, will attempt to flaunt her superiority over her throughout the rest of the gaming. Once Mrs. Elvsted arrives, and she and Hedda are alone they chat round a variety of topics marriage, love, and most importantly, a man named Eilert Lovborg, with whom Mrs. Elvsted is in love.Admitting her feelings of bareness in her marriage, Mrs.Elvsted strives to justify her family relationship with Lovborg and mentions how happy he makes her when he allows her to protagonist him write, as he is a published author. However, Mrs. Elvsted is unsure of the future of their relationship because the shadow of a woman stands between them. This unidentified woman was loss to shoot Lovborg when they broke up. As Hedda learns of this, she comments, Thats nonsense. People just dont act that way here. (1424). Yet, an astute reader can specialise that Hedda is hiding something she was, in fact, the woman who had previously tried to shoot Lovborg.Ibsen does this to show that Hedda acts in a manner that contradicts her snooty statements. Later in the play when Lovborg visits Hedda, he confronts her by asking why she married George because it is apparent that she does not love him. Then he inquires if she ever loved him while the two had previously been in a relationship, and he reminisced about how he confessed so many secrets to her. Ah, Hedda, what kind of power was in you that drew these confessions out of me? (1440) he asked. Mischievously, she responds, You think it was a power in me? (1440).All the while, Hedda takes plea sure in knowing that she can control others by exerting her power over them. Deeper into their conversation, the reader learns that when the two enjoyed a secret friendship, Hedda had threatened to shoot Lovborg, but she did not because she feared the scandal it would have caused. Once again, Hedda proves to be overly stired of what partnership thinks. On the outside, she appears to fit the mold of how a woman in society should behave yet, innerly, she struggles with a predisposition to act in a contradicting manner of what society regards as acceptable behavior.She is propelled by this internal conflict during the spotless play. Earlier in the play, the reader inferred that Hedda envies Mrs. Elvsted because of her relationship with Lovborg therefore, the reader expects to see Hedda order of battle her superiority over Mrs. Elvsted. True to her character, Hedda rips out the pages in Lovborgs manuscript, which Mrs. Elvsted helped him write, and throws them into the stove. Crazed, Hedda exclaims, Im burning your child, Thea You with your curly hair Your child and Eilert Lovborgs. Im burning itIm burning your child (Ibsen 1456). Right earlier this manic event, Hedda urges Lovborg to commit suicide, gives him one of her pistols, and expresses her desire for him to do it in knockout (1456). Once she persuades Lovborg to commit suicide, Hedda can no longer suppress her internal conflicts and shoots herself in the head. The reader can assume that Hedda commits suicide beautifully, as she hoped Lovborg would do. Her saw of people just dont act that way, proves to be foolish because her actions are exactly what she says people do not do.Throughout Hedda Gabler, the main character possesses much contempt for her husband, insults others, and resents a former acquaintance. Despite her concern with societys opinion of her, she feels trapped within societys standards to act a certain way. Yet, in doing so, she becomes dejected from others and society as a whole. Rep eatedly, she uses the following phrase People just dont act that way, in an attempt to suppress her internal desires to be like one of those people. By the end, Hedda cannot live torn between two antithetical realities she chooses to behave like one of those people, and she commits suicide- in beauty, of course.

Different Treatment Organizations in Prisons

There argon assorted discourse courses in prison house ho procedure house ho roles that I lose discovered by contacting most(prenominal) organizations. I will set forth a wide range of political platforms offered to inmates that friend stigma special inquires such as education, behavioural revision, spiritual aw arness, vocational breeding, p atomic number 18nting classes, human immunodeficiency virus prevention, and medicate education. I will describe each preaching data processor classmes that I set ab egress found and discuss the purposes of each program. A program called the Volunteer prison facts of life Program was launched in July 1997 at the Rikers Island prison house.I called and spoke with Joan Bloomgarden, who draw this program as a quality educational experience to inmates who would differently not have access to revealing. This odd program engages volunteer educators to affect inmates to sponsor themselves, their families and wiz another to create a goldbricking residential ara within the prison system. The purpose of this program is to promote positive behavioural flip-flop, assist in prevention of crime, deform cooperatively with prosecutors, and to actively shoot the families of inmates in crime prevention.Courses offered are Child Development, intellect Your Anger, Art precept in prison Toward Enhancing Self-Esteem, Conflict Resolution Practical Exploration, Basic appreciation of M one(a)y Management, and Basic Eye Care. I contacted The prison house SMART entry Incorporated and spoke with Thomas Duffy, who was able to abide me teaching regarding their grotesque stress management and rehabilitative grooming program delivered to hardened sorrys in U. S prisons.The purpose of this program is to teach the proper clueing techniques to help inmates reduce and manage their stress levels in order to help them imply more clearly and to help them think of ab fall out their actions. Taught by Prison SMART substructure volunteers, this 6 to 10 day program utilizes pass on yoga snorkeling exercises and is based on the dynamic cleansing effects of the breath on the body and mind. As a result, they enjoy growingd vanity and self-empowerment.Thousands who have completed the Prison SMART Foundations stress management programs are living proof. Prison administrators have reported that inmates who have participated in this program are easier to handle and exhibit less acting out in confrontational situations. I contacted the Prisoners for Christ Outreach Ministries based in Kirkland, WA, and spoke with Greg Von Tobel, to learn more knowledge about programs offered to inmates.Prisoners For Christ services include church service Services and Bible Studies, Two Year Bible Study remainder Course, One to One Visitation Outreach, Pen Pal Outreach, Special Projects Outreach, Literature, philia to bone marrow Christmas Giving Program, Wives Outreach, Parent Outreach, Van Transportation Ou treach, and Northwest transitional Housing. The purposes of these services are to share the Gospel of Jesus Christ in the jails, prisons, and juvenile centers of the Northwest.In addition, Prisoners For Christ practise with the men, women, and children who are incarcerated to become in full functioning, tax paying citizens and to assist their families. Statistics shows that last year alone, 16,326 inmates (men, women, and youth) attended these programs in 19 different institutions. About 6% of inmates made their first fourth dimension commitments to the Lord Jesus Christ. I wanted to learn about most(prenominal) other types of treatment programs offered in prisons, so I contacted the California surgical incision of Corrections. They have implemented several programs designed to benefit both the inmates and the public.I will briefly describe each of these programs and the purpose each one offers. The Joint Venture Program, opened its doors in 1991, where private employers can de claration with the California discussion section of Corrections to set up their businesses on prison grounds and hire inmate sourers at competitive wages. This gives inmates the ability to allow scotchal benefits such as providing restitution to victims, becoming taxpayers, paying stick up to families, compensate costs for their incarceration, and mandatory savings to provide funds aft(prenominal) release from prison.The social benefits are the ability to develop good convey habits, gain job experience, decrease inmate idleness, and to return to society motivate and skilled adults. The Mother Infant Program is designed to help mothers furbish up bonds with their children, teach them valuable skills, and prepare them to return to society as operative(a) adults. Parenting classes, pre-employment training, and medicine education classes are offered to help build better parenting relationships and brighter futures for inmates bit they serve their clipping.In parenting class es, they learn how to talk and relate to their children and how to discipline effectively. both mothers and children may overly receive counseling. In pre-employment training, they gain practical information about applying, landing and keeping a job. Since the majority of the mothers have had some sort of chemical dependency in the past, they alike attend do doses education classes. The classes are geared to keep them from returning to their old habits, withdraw them aware of the dangers of dose addiction, and show them how drugs not only impair their lives, that especially their childrens.The California Conservation Camp Program intents to train and use inmates for conservation and development of natural resources. These conservation camps are located in some of the states most secluded wilderness areas. They provide a mountainous force of trained crews for fire fighting, resource conservation, and emergency assignments as necessary. In addition to fire fighting, other ta sks assigned to inmates are graffiti removal, reforestation, levee fastening and flood control, pine bark beetle eradication and preservation, illegal engulf site cleanup, wildlife habitat rehabilitation, and park and cemetery maintenance.During non- expire hours inmates are involved in special projects such as revivifying toys for disadvantaged children or on projects with the olden or disabled. In some camps vocational training programs are available. In others, inmates nominate on a variety of special projects such as road construction and prison building, which allow them to still learn and confirm skills. As they repay their debt to society, camp inmates provide a real stinting benefit to local communities. In a typical year, they will work 2 million hours on fire fighting and fire prevention.They also will spend almost 6 million hours on conservation projects and residential area service activities. Those who success richly complete training at prison conservation cente rs in Northern and Southern California learn how their persuasiveness and their lives depend upon discipline and teamwork. When the quantify comes for parole, inmates have been exposed to good work habits and teamwork in the camp setting. This exposure provides them with a purpose, goals, and a sense of effect in doing a job well done.Computer reviveing program, launched in 1994, was unquestionable to recreate utilise calculators for Californias K-12 public schools. The California Department of Corrections trains inmates to refurbish donated computers then turns them over to the schools. Currently, the California Department of Corrections is responsible for 60 percent of all refurbished computers placed in California public schools. The donated computer equipment comes in various(a) states of disrepair. Some computers are obsolete for business purposes, others require minor repair and still others can only be utilise for parts.In the first year, nearly 2,000 refurbished c omputers made their way to California classrooms. By the end of 1997, 13 prisons had refurbished more than 35,000 computers for California schools, saving them close to $33 million. Through this program, the inmates learn and practice skills that will help prepare them for a future outside prison. I contacted San Quentin State Prison, and spoke to Barry Zack, to find out about any treatment programs offered. One particular program called human immunodeficiency virus Prevention Education is required for all men entering the prison.This program offered since 1986, is to help inmates see the personal side to HIV, emergence perception of risk, increase knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and reduce the risk of HIV, STDs, hepatitis and tuberculosis in prison and after(prenominal) release. Since 1991, inmates have received comprehensive peer education training to work as peer educators. The training covers several topics such as public speaking techniques, awareness of alcohol and drugs and their im pact on spoiled behaviors, HIV-related multi-cultural awareness, and HIV/AIDS in our society and in the world.About 40 peer educators are trained each year. After training, the peer educators conducts various services such as teaching an HIV prevention preference class, providing person counseling, and providing prevention case management. Two different programs are offered to inmates forward to their release from prison. One program is specifically for HIV + inmates and is offered as a 2-week, 8 session intervention that includes such topics as self-consciousness, health maintenance, residential area resources, stress management, substance use, legal issues, and barriers to care after release.The other program, conducted 2 weeks anterior to an inmates release, offers undivided sessions to discuss preventing, acquiring, or transmission system HIV after release from prison. Topics covered include using condoms, avoiding drug and alcohol use, and avoiding needle sharing. I contacted The Federal Bureau of Prisons where they currently manoeuvre 42 residential treatment programs with an annual capacity of over 6,000 participants.For the 30 percent of Federal inmates who have a history of moderate to dread(a) substance abuse this program is able to provide drug treatment to all inmates who need it and are willing to accept it. This program offers inmates up to 500 hours of treatment, which focuses on individual responsibility and to deter future wicked behavior. The goal of this program is to help identify, confront, and alter their attitudes, values, and thinking patterns that led them to their illegal behavior and drug or alcohol use.This program includes sessions on covering fire and Assessment, discourse Orientation, Criminal Lifestyle Confrontation, Cognitive Skill Building, Relapse Prevention, interpersonal Skill Building, and Wellness. I have found these treatment programs to be qualified and adequate. Each organization, I spoke with has con cluded that these programs not only offers benefits to the individual precisely also to society as a whole. There are economic and social benefits that can be gained from these programs that I have but expound.I have listed a wide range of programs that help mark special take for inmates that may help deter future sorry behavior. We need these programs to help rehabilitate these inmates darn they are serving their while in jail. It has been stressed that jail alone cannot deter a abominable from reoffending. By providing these various programs to inmates, we can help them become drug-free, educated, hard-working individuals prior to cosmos released from prison. Hopefully, whatever program an inmate has participated in can help change their behavioral patterns, which may help reduce the rate of recidivism.Different Treatment Organizations in PrisonsThere are various treatment programs in prisons that I have discovered by contacting several organizations. I will expound a wi de range of programs offered to inmates that help target special needs such as education, behavioral change, spiritual awareness, vocational training, parenting classes, HIV prevention, and drug education. I will describe each treatment programs that I have found and discuss the purposes of each program. A program called the Volunteer Prison Education Program was launched in July 1997 at the Rikers Island Prison.I called and spoke with Joan Bloomgarden, who described this program as a quality educational experience to inmates who would otherwise not have access to learning. This unique program involves volunteer educators to motivate inmates to help themselves, their families and one another to create a learning association within the prison system. The purpose of this program is to promote positive behavioral change, assist in prevention of crime, work cooperatively with prosecutors, and to actively involve the families of inmates in crime prevention.Courses offered are Child Dev elopment, Understanding Your Anger, Art Education in Prison Toward Enhancing Self-Esteem, Conflict Resolution Practical Exploration, Basic Understanding of Money Management, and Basic Eye Care. I contacted The Prison SMART Foundation Incorporated and spoke with Thomas Duffy, who was able to provide me information regarding their unique stress management and rehabilitative training program delivered to hardened viles in U. S prisons.The purpose of this program is to teach the proper breathing techniques to help inmates reduce and manage their stress levels in order to help them think more clearly and to help them think about their actions. Taught by Prison SMART Foundation volunteers, this 6 to 10 day program utilizes ripe(p) yoga breathing exercises and is based on the dynamic cleansing effects of the breath on the body and mind. As a result, they enjoy increased self-esteem and self-empowerment.Thousands who have completed the Prison SMART Foundations stress management programs a re living proof. Prison administrators have reported that inmates who have participated in this program are easier to handle and exhibit less acting out in confrontational situations. I contacted the Prisoners for Christ Outreach Ministries based in Kirkland, WA, and spoke with Greg Von Tobel, to learn more information about programs offered to inmates.Prisoners For Christ services include perform Services and Bible Studies, Two Year Bible Study residual Course, One to One Visitation Outreach, Pen Pal Outreach, Special Projects Outreach, Literature, Heart to Heart Christmas Giving Program, Wives Outreach, Parent Outreach, Van Transportation Outreach, and Northwest transitional Housing. The purposes of these services are to share the Gospel of Jesus Christ in the jails, prisons, and juvenile centers of the Northwest.In addition, Prisoners For Christ work with the men, women, and children who are incarcerated to become fully functioning, tax paying citizens and to assist their famil ies. Statistics shows that last year alone, 16,326 inmates (men, women, and youth) attended these programs in 19 different institutions. About 6% of inmates made their first time commitments to the Lord Jesus Christ. I wanted to learn about several other types of treatment programs offered in prisons, so I contacted the California Department of Corrections. They have implemented several programs designed to benefit both the inmates and the public.I will briefly describe each of these programs and the purpose each one offers. The Joint Venture Program, opened its doors in 1991, where private employers can quail with the California Department of Corrections to set up their businesses on prison grounds and hire inmate workers at competitive wages. This gives inmates the ability to provide economical benefits such as providing restitution to victims, becoming taxpayers, paying reliever to families, compensate costs for their incarceration, and mandatory savings to provide funds after release from prison.The social benefits are the ability to develop good work habits, gain job experience, decrease inmate idleness, and to return to society propel and skilled adults. The Mother Infant Program is designed to help mothers change bonds with their children, teach them valuable skills, and prepare them to return to society as working adults. Parenting classes, pre-employment training, and drug education classes are offered to help build better parenting relationships and brighter futures for inmates while they serve their time.In parenting classes, they learn how to talk and relate to their children and how to discipline effectively. both(prenominal) mothers and children may also receive counseling. In pre-employment training, they gain practical information about applying, landing and keeping a job. Since the majority of the mothers have had some sort of chemical dependency in the past, they also attend drug education classes. The classes are geared to keep them fro m returning to their old habits, fixate them aware of the dangers of drug addiction, and show them how drugs not only impair their lives, but especially their childrens.The California Conservation Camp Program intents to train and use inmates for conservation and development of natural resources. These conservation camps are located in some of the states most secluded wilderness areas. They provide a intumescent force of trained crews for fire fighting, resource conservation, and emergency assignments as necessary. In addition to fire fighting, other tasks assigned to inmates are graffiti removal, reforestation, levee repair and flood control, pine bark beetle eradication and preservation, illegal dive site cleanup, wildlife habitat rehabilitation, and park and cemetery maintenance.During non-work hours inmates are involved in special projects such as repairing toys for disadvantaged children or on projects with the decrepit or disabled. In some camps vocational training program s are available. In others, inmates work on a variety of special projects such as road construction and prison building, which allow them to still learn and corroborate skills. As they repay their debt to society, camp inmates provide a real economic benefit to local communities. In a typical year, they will work 2 million hours on fire fighting and fire prevention.They also will spend almost 6 million hours on conservation projects and community service activities. Those who successfully complete training at prison conservation centers in Northern and Southern California learn how their say-so and their lives depend upon discipline and teamwork. When the time comes for parole, inmates have been exposed to good work habits and teamwork in the camp setting. This exposure provides them with a purpose, goals, and a sense of exploit in doing a job well done.Computer refurbishing program, launched in 1994, was real to refurbish used computers for Californias K-12 public schools. The California Department of Corrections trains inmates to refurbish donated computers then turns them over to the schools. Currently, the California Department of Corrections is responsible for 60 percent of all refurbished computers placed in California public schools. The donated computer equipment comes in various states of disrepair. Some computers are obsolete for business purposes, others need minor repair and still others can only be used for parts.In the first year, nearly 2,000 refurbished computers made their way to California classrooms. By the end of 1997, 13 prisons had refurbished more than 35,000 computers for California schools, saving them close to $33 million. Through this program, the inmates learn and practice skills that will help prepare them for a future outside prison. I contacted San Quentin State Prison, and spoke to Barry Zack, to find out about any treatment programs offered. One particular program called HIV Prevention Education is required for all men ente ring the prison.This program offered since 1986, is to help inmates see the personal side to HIV, increase perception of risk, increase knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and reduce the risk of HIV, STDs, hepatitis and tuberculosis in prison and after release. Since 1991, inmates have received comprehensive peer education training to work as peer educators. The training covers several topics such as public speaking techniques, awareness of alcohol and drugs and their impact on speculative behaviors, HIV-related multi-cultural awareness, and HIV/AIDS in our society and in the world.About 40 peer educators are trained each year. After training, the peer educators conducts various services such as teaching an HIV prevention druthers class, providing individual counseling, and providing prevention case management. Two different programs are offered to inmates prior to their release from prison. One program is specifically for HIV + inmates and is offered as a two-week, 8 session intervention that includes such topics as self-esteem, health maintenance, community resources, stress management, substance use, legal issues, and barriers to care after release.The other program, conducted two weeks prior to an inmates release, offers individual sessions to discuss preventing, acquiring, or infection HIV after release from prison. Topics covered include using condoms, avoiding drug and alcohol use, and avoiding needle sharing. I contacted The Federal Bureau of Prisons where they currently buy the farm 42 residential treatment programs with an annual capacity of over 6,000 participants.For the 30 percent of Federal inmates who have a history of moderate to unforgiving substance abuse this program is able to provide drug treatment to all inmates who need it and are willing to accept it. This program offers inmates up to 500 hours of treatment, which focuses on individual responsibility and to deter future abominable behavior. The goal of this program is to help identify, confron t, and alter their attitudes, values, and thinking patterns that led them to their miserable behavior and drug or alcohol use.This program includes sessions on coating and Assessment, Treatment Orientation, Criminal Lifestyle Confrontation, Cognitive Skill Building, Relapse Prevention, social Skill Building, and Wellness. I have found these treatment programs to be sufficient and adequate. Each organization, I spoke with has concluded that these programs not only offers benefits to the individual but also to society as a whole. There are economic and social benefits that can be gained from these programs that I have conscionable described.I have listed a wide range of programs that help target special needs for inmates that may help deter future criminal behavior. We need these programs to help rehabilitate these inmates while they are serving their time in jail. It has been stressed that jail alone cannot deter a criminal from reoffending. By providing these various programs t o inmates, we can help them become drug-free, educated, hard-working individuals prior to organism released from prison. Hopefully, whatever program an inmate has participated in can help change their behavioral patterns, which may help reduce the rate of recidivism.

Summary on Globalization

globalisation describes an ongoing process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures fork over become co-ordinated through a network of communication and execution. Globalization is often condition or refers to economical globalization i. e. the integration of national economies into the international providence through dispense, foreign direct investment, groovy flows, migration, and the spread of technology. The driving forces of globalization be a combination of Economic, Technological, Socio-cultural and Political factors.Scholars indicate the change magnitude economic integration and interdependence of national economies across the piece through a rapid plus in cross-border parkway of goods, service, technology, and capital. It can be tell that globalization is the door to global resources that opens up to the international market. Economic and pecuniary globalization and the expansion of world trade have brought substantial benefits to countries roug hly the world. But the current financial crisis has put globalization on hold, with capital flows reversing and global trade shrinking.There are countless indicators that illustrate how goods, capital, and raft, have become more globalized. The value of trade (goods and services) as a partage of world GDP increased from 42. 1 per centum in 1980 to 62. 1 percent in 2007. Foreign direct investment increased from 6. 5 percent of world GDP in 1980 to 31. 8 percent in 2006. The stock of international claims (primarily bank loans), as a percentage of world GDP, increased from roughly 10 percent in 1980 to 48 percent in 2006. The public figure of minutes spent on cross-border telephone calls, on a per-capita basis, increased from 7. 3 in 1991 to 28. 8 in 2006. The number of foreign workers has increased from 78 million people (2. 4 percent of the world population) in 1965 to 191 million people (3. 0 percent of the world population) in 2005. There is a long debate about the effect of globalization, as the most common phenomenon that we heard is the capitalizing the resources of developing countries by highly-developed countries, brain drains as opportunities in richer countries droves talent away.In many poorer nations globalization is actually the result of the foreign businesses investing in the country to examine advantage of the lower wage rate, foreign resources and engraving more markets. The anti-globalization movement developed in opposition to the perceived negative aspects of globalization. The group represents a wide range of interests and issues. Opponents of globalization point out to its negative effects. some(a) of them are listed below. Globalization has led to exploitation of labor.Prisoners and child workers are apply to work in inhumane conditions. Safety standards are ignored to resurrect cheap goods. Job insecurity. Earlier people had stable, permanent jobs. Now people live in constant dread of losing their jobs to competition. Terrorists have access to school weapons enhancing their ability to inflict damage. Companies have set up industries causing befoulment in countries with poor regulation of pollution. Fast food chains standardised McDonalds and KFC are spreading in the developing world.People are down more junk food from these joints which has an adverse impact on their wellness. local anaesthetic industries are being taken over by foreign multinationals. The increase in prices has reduced the governments ability to sustain brotherly welfare schemes in developed countries. Multinational Companies and corporations which were previously restricted to mercantile activities are increasingly influencing political decisions. It is important to ensure that the gains from globalization are more broadly shared across the population.For this purpose reforms to strengthen grooming and training would help ensure that workers have the appropriate skills for the evolving global economy. Policies that extend the ac cess of finance to the poor would also help, as would further trade liberalization that boosts agricultural exports from developing countries. Additional programs may include providing equal to(predicate) income support to moderate, but not block, the process of change, and also making health care less dependent on continued employment and increasing the portability of pension benefits in some countries.

Gilbert’s short story “The yellow wallpaper” Essay

Gilberts chronical of her own descent into madness is set in a remote, apart(p) overageer home, with very beautiful surroundings, and more in particular and old nursery in which Gilbert is imprisoned for her own sanity. The teetotal point is that it is the cure for her insanity that creates the insanity she ultimately adopts. The fabricator is a repressed woman with nowhere to go except madness. As a parallel to Kate Chopins Story of an Hour in which death was the draw to freedom, Gilbert emphasizes that the narrators only escape to freedom was madness.The tale is divided into fourth dimension frames with each period detailling her descent into madness. In the first section it is apt to note that both pot and her brother are prominent physicians and conceive that she needs to be unstimulated in order to overcome post-partum depression, as was skillful by such prominent theorist as Sels Weir Mitchell, who was in incident Gilberts own physician at the quantify the story was written. ( as a side note It is of interest to note that afterwards reading Gilberts account of her own feelings in this soon story, Wier Mitchell discontinued the use of rest therapy.) We discover in later time frames that John is in denial of his wifes deteriorating medical condition, in the main as a result of the societal stigmas of intellectual illness and the affluence of his status.The room that is the primary setting is very institutionalised and unstimulating. There is this dilapitated, detoriorating, smelly, yellow wall paper with a design object lesson of Gilberts madness, that eventually becomes her savior. As she succumbs to dymentia, the narrator has hallucinations of a women crapper the wallpaper. The narrator becomes convinced this woman is trapped by the wallpaper precisely yet, manages to successfully escape even if only to slink around the shrubbery. The narrator identifies with the delusions, eventually forging with the delusion, making the separation of one from the other impossible.She describes in detail the horror of those around her as they become to realise the conclusion of the mental illness hidden in the narrator. The speakermakes reference to feelings of paranoia that John and Jenny are going to somehow intrude on the blood she has with the wallpaper, and admits that she liked the room inspite of the wallpaper, no because of the wallpaper. The wallpaper represent to the narrator., a kick downstairs for freedom and the cost was insanity, just as the intricate design that was a crime against all the rules of design that had been implied upon first consideration.